<html lang="#{localeBean.language}"
...
Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) 8 The Java EE Tutorial |
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This section provides additional detail regarding the components of the Duke’s Bookstore example and how they interact.
The following topics are addressed here:
The Book
entity, located in the dukesbookstore.entity
package,
encapsulates the book data stored by Duke’s Bookstore.
The Book
entity defines attributes used in the example:
A book ID
The author’s first name
The author’s surname
The title
The price
Whether the book is on sale
The publication year
A description of the book
The number of copies in the inventory
The Book
entity also defines a simple named query, findBooks
.
Two enterprise beans located in the dukesbookstore.ejb
package provide
the business logic for Duke’s Bookstore.
BookRequestBean
is a stateful session bean that contains the
business methods for the application. The methods create, retrieve, and
purchase books, and update the inventory for a book. To retrieve the
books, the getBooks
method calls the findBooks
named query defined
in the Book
entity.
ConfigBean
is a singleton session bean used to create the books in
the catalog when the application is initially deployed. It calls the
createBook
method defined in BookRequestBean
.
The Duke’s Bookstore application uses Facelets and its templating features to display the user interface. The Facelets pages interact with a set of CDI managed beans that act as backing beans, providing the underlying properties and methods for the user interface. The front page also interacts with the custom components used by the application.
The application uses the following Facelets pages, which are located in
the _tut-install_/examples/case-studies/dukes-bookstore/src/main/webapp/
directory.
bookstoreTemplate.xhtml
: The template file, which specifies a header
used on every page as well as the style sheet used by all the pages. The
template also retrieves the language set in the web browser.
Uses the LocaleBean
managed bean.
index.xhtml
: Landing page, which lays out the custom map and area
components using managed beans configured in the faces-config.xml
file
and allows the user to select a book and advance to the
bookstore.xhtml
page.
bookstore.xhtml
: Page that allows the user to obtain details on the
selected book or the featured book, to add either book to the shopping
cart, and to advance to the bookcatalog.xhtml
page.
Uses the BookstoreBean
managed bean.
bookdetails.xhtml
: Page that shows details on a book selected from
bookstore.xhtml
or other pages and allows the user to add the book to
the cart and/or advance to the bookcatalog.xhtml
page.
Uses the BookDetailsBean
managed bean.
bookcatalog.xhtml
: Page that displays the books in the catalog and
allows the user to add books to the shopping cart, view the details for
any book, view the shopping cart, empty the shopping cart, or purchase
the books in the shopping cart.
Uses the BookstoreBean
, CatalogBean
, and ShoppingCart
managed
beans.
bookshowcart.xhtml
: Page that displays the contents of the shopping
cart and allows the user to remove items, view the details for an item,
empty the shopping cart, purchase the books in the shopping cart, or
return to the catalog.
Uses the ShowCartBean
and ShoppingCart
managed beans.
bookcashier.xhtml
: Page that allows the user to purchase books,
specify a shipping option, subscribe to newsletters, or join the Duke
Fan Club with a purchase over a certain amount.
Uses the CashierBean
and ShoppingCart
managed beans.
bookreceipt.xhtml
: Page that confirms the user’s purchase and allows
the user to return to the catalog page to continue shopping.
Uses the CashierBean
managed bean.
bookordererror.xhtml
: Page rendered by CashierBean
if the
bookstore has no more copies of a book that was ordered.
The application uses the following managed beans, which are located in
the
_tut-install_/examples/case-studies/dukes-bookstore/src/main/java/javaeetutorial/dukesbookstore/web/managedbeans/
directory.
AbstractBean
: Contains utility methods called by other managed
beans.
BookDetailsBean
: Backing bean for the bookdetails.xhtml
page.
Specifies the name details
.
BookstoreBean
: Backing bean for the bookstore.xhtml
page.
Specifies the name store
.
CashierBean
: Backing bean for the bookcashier.xhtml
and
bookreceipt.xhtml
pages.
CatalogBean
: Backing bean for the bookcatalog.xhtml
page.
Specifies the name catalog
.
LocaleBean
: Managed bean that retrieves the current locale; used on
each page.
ShoppingCart
: Backing bean used by the bookcashier.xhtml
,
bookcatalog.xhtml
, and bookshowcart.xhtml
pages. Specifies the name
cart
.
ShoppingCartItem
: Contains methods called by ShoppingCart
,
CatalogBean
, and ShowCartBean
.
ShowCartBean
: Backing bean for the bookshowcart.xhtml
page.
Specifies the name showcart
.
The map and area custom components for Duke’s Bookstore, along with
associated renderer, listener, and model classes, are defined in the
following packages in the
_tut-install_/examples/case-studies/dukes-bookstore/src/main/java/javaeetutorial/dukesbookstore/
directory.
components
: Contains the MapComponent
and AreaComponent
classes.
See Creating Custom Component Classes.
listeners
: Contains the AreaSelectedEvent
class, along with other
listener classes. See Handling Events for
Custom Components.
model
: Contains the ImageArea
class. See
Configuring Model Data for more
information.
renderers
: Contains the MapRenderer
and AreaRenderer
classes.
See Delegating Rendering to a Renderer.
The
_tut-install_/examples/case-studies/dukes-bookstore/src/java/dukesbookstore/
directory also contains a custom converter and other custom listeners
not specifically tied to the custom components.
converters
: Contains the CreditCardConverter
class. See
Creating and Using a Custom Converter.
listeners
: Contains the LinkBookChangeListener
,
MapBookChangeListener
, and NameChanged
classes. See
Implementing an Event Listener.
The strings used in the Duke’s Bookstore application are encapsulated
into resource bundles to allow the display of localized strings in
multiple locales. The properties files, located in the
_tut-install_/examples/case-studies/dukes-bookstore/src/main/java/javaeetutorial/dukesbookstore/web/messages/
directory, consist of a default file containing English strings and
three additional files for other locales. The files are as follows:
Messages.properties
: Default file, containing English strings
Messages_de.properties
: File containing German strings
Messages_es.properties
: File containing Spanish strings
Messages_fr.properties
: File containing French strings
The language setting in the user’s web browser determines which locale
is used. The html
tag in bookstoreTemplate.xhtml
retrieves the
language setting from the language
property of LocaleBean
:
<html lang="#{localeBean.language}"
...
For more information about resource bundles, see Chapter 22, "Internationalizing and Localizing Web Applications."
The resource bundle is configured as follows in the faces-config.xml
file:
<application>
<resource-bundle>
<base-name>
javaeetutorial.dukesbookstore.web.messages.Messages
</base-name>
<var>bundle</var>
</resource-bundle>
<locale-config>
<default-locale>en</default-locale>
<supported-locale>de</supported-locale>
<supported-locale>es</supported-locale>
<supported-locale>fr</supported-locale>
</locale-config>
</application>
This configuration means that in the Facelets pages, messages are
retrieved using the prefix bundle
with the key found in the
Messages_`locale
.properties` file, as in the following example from
the index.xhtml
page:
<h:outputText style="font-weight:bold"
value="#{bundle.ChooseBook}" />
In Messages.properties
, the key string is defined as follows:
ChooseBook=Choose a Book from our Catalog
The following deployment descriptors are used in Duke’s Bookstore:
src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml
: The Java Persistence
API configuration file
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/bookstore.taglib.xml
: The tag library
descriptor file for the custom components
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/faces-config.xml
: The JavaServer Faces
configuration file, which configures the managed beans for the map
component as well as the resource bundles for the application
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
: The web application configuration
file
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