QL_statement ::= select_statement | update_statement | delete_statement
select_statement ::= select_clause from_clause [where_clause] [groupby_clause]
[having_clause] [orderby_clause]
update_statement ::= update_clause [where_clause]
delete_statement ::= delete_clause [where_clause]
from_clause ::=
FROM identification_variable_declaration
{, {identification_variable_declaration |
collection_member_declaration}}*
identification_variable_declaration ::=
range_variable_declaration { join | fetch_join }*
range_variable_declaration ::= abstract_schema_name [AS]
identification_variable
join ::= join_spec join_association_path_expression [AS]
identification_variable
fetch_join ::= join_specFETCH join_association_path_expression
association_path_expression ::=
collection_valued_path_expression |
single_valued_association_path_expression
join_spec::= [LEFT [OUTER] |INNER] JOIN
join_association_path_expression ::=
join_collection_valued_path_expression |
join_single_valued_association_path_expression
join_collection_valued_path_expression::=
identification_variable.collection_valued_association_field
join_single_valued_association_path_expression::=
identification_variable.single_valued_association_field
collection_member_declaration ::=
IN (collection_valued_path_expression) [AS]
identification_variable
single_valued_path_expression ::=
state_field_path_expression |
single_valued_association_path_expression
state_field_path_expression ::=
{identification_variable |
single_valued_association_path_expression}.state_field
single_valued_association_path_expression ::=
identification_variable.{single_valued_association_field.}*
single_valued_association_field
collection_valued_path_expression ::=
identification_variable.{single_valued_association_field.}*
collection_valued_association_field
state_field ::=
{embedded_class_state_field.}*simple_state_field
update_clause ::=UPDATE abstract_schema_name [[AS]
identification_variable] SET update_item {, update_item}*
update_item ::= [identification_variable.]{state_field |
single_valued_association_field} = new_value
new_value ::=
simple_arithmetic_expression |
string_primary |
datetime_primary |
boolean_primary |
enum_primary simple_entity_expression |
NULL
delete_clause ::= DELETE FROM abstract_schema_name [[AS]
identification_variable]
select_clause ::= SELECT [DISTINCT] select_expression {,
select_expression}*
select_expression ::=
single_valued_path_expression |
aggregate_expression |
identification_variable |
OBJECT(identification_variable) |
constructor_expression
constructor_expression ::=
NEW constructor_name(constructor_item {,
constructor_item}*)
constructor_item ::= single_valued_path_expression |
aggregate_expression
aggregate_expression ::=
{AVG |MAX |MIN |SUM} ([DISTINCT]
state_field_path_expression) |
COUNT ([DISTINCT] identification_variable |
state_field_path_expression |
single_valued_association_path_expression)
where_clause ::= WHERE conditional_expression
groupby_clause ::= GROUP BY groupby_item {, groupby_item}*
groupby_item ::= single_valued_path_expression
having_clause ::= HAVING conditional_expression
orderby_clause ::= ORDER BY orderby_item {, orderby_item}*
orderby_item ::= state_field_path_expression [ASC |DESC]
subquery ::= simple_select_clause subquery_from_clause
[where_clause] [groupby_clause] [having_clause]
subquery_from_clause ::=
FROM subselect_identification_variable_declaration
{, subselect_identification_variable_declaration}*
subselect_identification_variable_declaration ::=
identification_variable_declaration |
association_path_expression [AS] identification_variable |
collection_member_declaration
simple_select_clause ::= SELECT [DISTINCT]
simple_select_expression
simple_select_expression::=
single_valued_path_expression |
aggregate_expression |
identification_variable
conditional_expression ::= conditional_term |
conditional_expression OR conditional_term
conditional_term ::= conditional_factor | conditional_term AND
conditional_factor
conditional_factor ::= [NOT] conditional_primary
conditional_primary ::= simple_cond_expression |(
conditional_expression)
simple_cond_expression ::=
comparison_expression |
between_expression |
like_expression |
in_expression |
null_comparison_expression |
empty_collection_comparison_expression |
collection_member_expression |
exists_expression
between_expression ::=
arithmetic_expression [NOT] BETWEEN
arithmetic_expressionAND arithmetic_expression |
string_expression [NOT] BETWEEN string_expression AND
string_expression |
datetime_expression [NOT] BETWEEN
datetime_expression AND datetime_expression
in_expression ::=
state_field_path_expression [NOT] IN (in_item {, in_item}*
| subquery)
in_item ::= literal | input_parameter
like_expression ::=
string_expression [NOT] LIKE pattern_value [ESCAPE
escape_character]
null_comparison_expression ::=
{single_valued_path_expression | input_parameter} IS [NOT]
NULL
empty_collection_comparison_expression ::=
collection_valued_path_expression IS [NOT] EMPTY
collection_member_expression ::= entity_expression
[NOT] MEMBER [OF] collection_valued_path_expression
exists_expression::= [NOT] EXISTS (subquery)
all_or_any_expression ::= {ALL |ANY |SOME} (subquery)
comparison_expression ::=
string_expression comparison_operator {string_expression |
all_or_any_expression} |
boolean_expression {= |<> } {boolean_expression |
all_or_any_expression} |
enum_expression {= |<> } {enum_expression |
all_or_any_expression} |
datetime_expression comparison_operator
{datetime_expression | all_or_any_expression} |
entity_expression {= |<> } {entity_expression |
all_or_any_expression} |
arithmetic_expression comparison_operator
{arithmetic_expression | all_or_any_expression}
comparison_operator ::= = |> |>= |< |<= |<>
arithmetic_expression ::= simple_arithmetic_expression |
(subquery)
simple_arithmetic_expression ::=
arithmetic_term | simple_arithmetic_expression {+ |- }
arithmetic_term
arithmetic_term ::= arithmetic_factor | arithmetic_term {* |/ }
arithmetic_factor
arithmetic_factor ::= [{+ |- }] arithmetic_primary
arithmetic_primary ::=
state_field_path_expression |
numeric_literal |
(simple_arithmetic_expression) |
input_parameter |
functions_returning_numerics |
aggregate_expression
string_expression ::= string_primary | (subquery)
string_primary ::=
state_field_path_expression |
string_literal |
input_parameter |
functions_returning_strings |
aggregate_expression
datetime_expression ::= datetime_primary | (subquery)
datetime_primary ::=
state_field_path_expression |
input_parameter |
functions_returning_datetime |
aggregate_expression
boolean_expression ::= boolean_primary | (subquery)
boolean_primary ::=
state_field_path_expression |
boolean_literal |
input_parameter
enum_expression ::= enum_primary | (subquery)
enum_primary ::=
state_field_path_expression |
enum_literal |
input_parameter
entity_expression ::=
single_valued_association_path_expression |
simple_entity_expression
simple_entity_expression ::=
identification_variable |
input_parameter
functions_returning_numerics::=
LENGTH(string_primary) |
LOCATE(string_primary, string_primary[,
simple_arithmetic_expression]) |
ABS(simple_arithmetic_expression) |
SQRT(simple_arithmetic_expression) |
MOD(simple_arithmetic_expression,
simple_arithmetic_expression) |
SIZE(collection_valued_path_expression)
functions_returning_datetime ::=
CURRENT_DATE |
CURRENT_TIME |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
functions_returning_strings ::=
CONCAT(string_primary, string_primary) |
SUBSTRING(string_primary,
simple_arithmetic_expression,
simple_arithmetic_expression)|
TRIM([[trim_specification] [trim_character] FROM]
string_primary) |
LOWER(string_primary) |
UPPER(string_primary)
trim_specification ::= LEADING | TRAILING | BOTH